The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service reviewed all options to remove invasive house mice from the island and prepared an environmental Impact Statement that reviewed scientific literature, input from a broad range of experts, and public input. In total, 49 different removal methods were assessed, including a sustained population control program, the use of bait stations, fertility control, trapping, introduction of a biological control agent such as snakes or cats, and burrowing owl relocation. After reviewing all options in coordination with a variety of federal, state and conservation partners, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service conducted several pre-eradication studies, reviewed lessons learned from past projects, and consulted with collaborating agencies. After a thorough assessment grounded in a careful, rigorous and transparent process and science-based decision making, all but two potential action alternatives were dismissed.